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Volume 5 Number 6 June 2020

Potential Plants for Treatment and Management of COVID-19 in Nigeria


Authors: Ikpa Chiyere B. C. ; Maduka Tochukwu O. D. ; Christian Ebere Enyoh ; Ikezu Uju J. M.
Pages: 69-80
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ajc.56.69.80
Abstract
The recent outburst of novel Coronavirus disease (COVID-19), now a global pandemic highlights an urgent need for therapeutics targeting ‘severe acute respiratory syndrome’ (SARS-CoV-2). In Nigeria, infection cases are on daily rise with death rate of ~3 %. Therefore, slowing the spread of the virus will significantly reduce the strain on the healthcare system and governments. Here, we presented local medicinal plants cultivated in Nigeria as possible therapeutic approaches, exclusively targeting SARS-CoV-2 and its pathways. The study focused on some plants containing bioactive compounds that showed promising results against previous coronaviruses. Potential plants identified include Zingiber officinale, Allium cepa, Allium sativum, echinacea, euphorbia hirta, Garcenea kola, Curcuma longa, Aleo vera and olea europaea. Although inhibition of viral replication is seen as the possible mechanism for antiviral activity of most of the natural compounds, recent research has shown that some natural compounds can interact with major viral proteins associated with virulence. Thereby, showing they could be a valuable tool for possible inhibition, management and treatment of SARS-CoV-2. However, further research is required to investigate and validate their potential use as anti-SARS-CoV-2.

Continuity Relations, Probability Acceleration Current Sources and Internal Communications in Interacting Fragments


Authors: Roman F. Nalewajski
Pages: 58-68
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ajc.56.58.68
Abstract
Classical issues of local continuities and density partition in molecular quantum mechanics are reexamined. An effective velocity of the probability current is identified as the current-per-particle and its properties are explored. The local probability acceleration and the associated force concept are introduced. They are shown to identically vanish in the stationary electronic states. This acceleration measure also determines the associated productions of physical currents, e.g., the local source of the resultant content of electronic gradient information. The probability partitioning between reactants is revisited and illustrated using the stockholder division rule of Hirshfeld. A simple orbital model is used to describe the polarized (disentangled) and equilibrium (entangled) molecular fragments containing the distinguishable and indistinguishable groups of electrons, respectively, and their mixed quantum character is emphasized. The fragment density matrix is shown to determine the subsystem internal electron communications.

Synthesis of Some Bridged Unsymmetrical Terphthaloyl Oxime Esters


Authors: Ramadan Ali Bawa ; Hana Mansoure Elmajdoub
Pages: 55-57
DOI: doi.org/10.32861/ajc.56.55.57
Abstract
Three unsymmetrical bridged terphthaloyl acetophenone oxime esters have been synthesized throughout an esterification process between three acetophenone oximes and the terphthaloyl chloride under mild basic conditions. Spectroscopic techniques, such as IR, HNMR and mass spectrometer, were used to confirm the structures of the desired oxime esters. The yields of the resulting oxime esters ranged from 50% to 73%.